Model setup - Revision history

Klmos: /* Mesh generation */

2019-07-03T12:07:12Z

‎Mesh generation

Klmos: /* For transient models: definition of initial conditions */

2019-07-03T12:04:51Z

‎For transient models: definition of initial conditions

Klmos: /* Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks */

2019-07-03T12:03:42Z

‎Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks

Klmos: /* Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks */

2018-02-19T14:00:21Z

‎Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks

Klmos: /* Steps to setup a model for flow and transport in fractured limestone aquifers */ Reordered list

2018-02-19T13:36:14Z

‎Steps to setup a model for flow and transport in fractured limestone aquifers: Reordered list

Klmos at 00:21, 14 February 2018

2018-02-14T00:21:53Z

Klmos: /* Model reporting */

2018-02-13T19:07:16Z

‎Model reporting

Klmos: /* Model calibration and validation */

2018-02-13T19:06:52Z

‎Model calibration and validation

Klmos: /* For transient models: definition of initial conditions */

2018-02-09T22:19:01Z

‎For transient models: definition of initial conditions

Klmos: /* Mesh generation */

2018-02-09T22:14:28Z

‎Mesh generation

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 [[File:MeshExample.png |thumb|right|500px|Example a mesh used for discrete-fracture simulations of the Akacievej tracer tests. The mesh is refined at the horizontal fractures and at the wells.]]
-When working with complex models it is useful to start with a coarse mesh to test the model and the setup with limited time efforts.
+When working with complex models it is useful to start with a coarse mesh to test the model and the setup with limited computational efforts.
-When everything is properly setup, a finer grid can be employed.
+When the model is properly setup, a finer grid can be employed.
-Modern grid generators allow a local mesh refinement at specific parts of the mesh.
+Modern grid generators allow a local mesh refinement at specific locations in the model domain.
 Especially at heterogeneities and fractures, at wells and at concentration fronts, the mesh should be sufficiently fine to resolve the local gradients (e.g. of concentration or head gradients) appropriately.
 If the applied mesh is sufficiently fine can be tested by a grid refinement study, where the mesh is gradually refined and the results are compared.
-When the solution does not significantly change with a further grid refinement, the grid resolution is sufficient.
+If the applied mesh is sufficiently fine can be tested by a grid refinement study, where the mesh is gradually refined and the model results are compared.
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 Steady-state models do not require the definition of initial conditions.
-Transient problems, however, require to specify the initial value of the primary variables at each location of the model domain.
+Transient problems, however, require to specify the initial value of the primary variables (e.g. concentrations at each location of the model domain.
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 === Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks ===
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-Boundary conditions should+ be chosen according to known boundaries, such as geologic boundaries, known head isolines, known flowlines (these can be used as no-flow condition perpendicular to them).like a constant head or a known in-/outflow.
+Boundary conditions should be chosen according to known or delineated boundaries, such as geologic boundaries, known hydraulic head isolines, known flowlines (can be used as no-flow condition perpendicular to them, if the flow field is stable).
 The most common boundary conditions are
-* Dirichlet conditions (or first-type boundary conditions), where the primary variable is fixed to a value (e.g. fixed head or fixed concentration).
+* Dirichlet conditions (or first-type boundary conditions), where the primary variable is fixed to a value (e.g. fixed hydraulic head or fixed concentration).
 * Neumann conditions (or second-type boundary conditions), where the gradient of the primary variable is specified (e.g. flux across the boundary, often no-flow boundaries)
-* Cauchy conditions (or third-type boundary conditions), which sets a condition to the primary variable and it's derivative (used f.e. for the flux through a river bed).
+* Cauchy conditions (or third-type boundary conditions), which sets a condition to the primary variable and its derivative (used f.e. for the infiltration flux through a river bed).
-The boundary conditions should be chosen according to known
+The proper choice of boundary conditions is a very important step and determines the calculated results.
-Sources and sinks are employed to include e.g. withdrawal/injection at wells or groundwater recharge due to precipitation.
+Sources and sinks can be added in the model domain to include e.g. withdrawal/injection at wells or groundwater recharge due to precipitation.
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 === Choice of boundary conditions and sources/sinks ===
 <div class="mw-collapsible-content">
-Boundary conditions have to be chosen according to known values, like a constant head or a known in-/outflow.
+Boundary conditions should+ be chosen according to known boundaries, such as geologic boundaries, known head isolines, known flowlines (these can be used as no-flow condition perpendicular to them).like a constant head or a known in-/outflow.
 The most common boundary conditions are
 * Dirichlet conditions (or first-type boundary conditions), where the primary variable is fixed to a value (e.g. fixed head or fixed concentration).
 * Neumann conditions (or second-type boundary conditions), where the gradient of the primary variable is specified (e.g. flux across the boundary, often no-flow boundaries)
 * Cauchy conditions (or third-type boundary conditions), which sets a condition to the primary variable and it's derivative (used f.e. for the flux through a river bed).
-The boundary conditions should be chosen according to known boundaries, such as geologic boundaries, known head isolines, known flowlines (these can be used as no-flow condition perpendicular to them).
+The boundary conditions should be chosen according to known
 The choice of the boundary condition is a very important step and determines the calculated results.
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 === For transient models: definition of initial conditions ===
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 === Formulation of the modeling objectives ===
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-Before setting up a model, it is important to define the modeling objectives.
+Before setting up a model, it is important to define the specific modeling objective(s).
 The choice of the model concept, model extent, modeling scale and included details should be closely linked to these objectives.
-One should aim at including the most relevant features in the model, while keeping it as simple as possible.
+One should aim at including the most relevant features in the model, while keeping it as simple as possible to address the modeling objective(s).
 The following list gives some examples for modeling objectives:
 * Analyze the distribution and potential spreading of a contaminant plume in an aquifer
-* Improve the understanding and predictability of contaminant transport
+* Test hypotheses related to the origin of a contaminant
 * Analyze the influence of transient hydraulic conditions (annual variations, pumping in the area) on plume propagation
-* Develop and optimize a remediation strategy for the source zone
+* Develop and optimize a remediation strategy for the source zone of a contaminated site
-* Optimize a remediation strategy for a contaminated site
+* Optimize a remediation strategy for a contaminant plume
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 === Definition of the model scope ===
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 Then, a simple model can be applied, which can be improved as soon as new data is measured.
-Modeling was an integral part in the limestone project.
+Modeling was an integral part in the limestone project and already done at an early stage of the project.
-Initially, a rough model based on first measurements and available data was setup and used for the planning of further field work and measurements.
+Initially, a rough model based on first measurements and available data was setup.
-These measurements were later on used to improve the model.
+It was used for the planning of further field work and measurements.
-</div>
+It also helps to identify further data requirements and to plan measurements that support the modeling.
-</div>
+These additional measurements and data can then be incorporated in the model.
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+|
-== Steps to setup a model setup for flow and transport in fractured limestone aquifers ==
+== Steps to setup a model for flow and transport in fractured limestone aquifers ==
 This chapter gives an overview of the recommended steps to setup a model for the simulation of flow and transport in a fractured limestone aquifer.
 The following list shows the typical steps to setup a model for contaminant transport in a fractured limestone aquifer.

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 === Model reporting ===
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-text
+more information will be included soon
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